Ileum là gì

The terminal ileum is the distal end of the small intestine that intersects with the large intestine. It contains the ileocecal sphincter, a smooth muscle sphincter that controls the flow of chyme inlớn the large intestine.

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Anatomy

The terminal ileum is located on the right side of the abdominopelvic cavity in the umbilical & hypogastric regions. It is a tube about 1.25 khổng lồ 1.5 inches (3 to lớn 4 cm) long at the kết thúc of the ileum and terminates at the ileocecal sphincter. Continue Scrolling To Read More Below...

Continued From Above... The ileocecal sphincter is a band of smooth muscle that controls the flow of chyme from the ileum inkhổng lồ the cecum of the large intestine.

Histology

The walls of the terminal ileum are made of four distinct tissue layers surrounding the hollow lumen at its center.

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The innermost layer, the mucosa, contains epithelial cells whose function is specialized for the absorption of nutrients from chyme in the lumen. Masses of lymphatic tissue known as Peyer’s patches dot the surface of the mucosa khổng lồ detect the presence of pathogens in the chyme. Surrounding the mucosa is the submucosa layer that contains the nerves & blood vessels, which tư vấn the other tissue layers of the terminal ileum. The muscularis layer surrounds the submucosa và contains bands of smooth muscle that contract in wave sầu of peristalsis to lớn move sầu food through the terminal ileum and inlớn the cecum. Finally, the serosa forms the outermost layer of the terminal ileum. Serosa is made of a smooth layer of simple squamous epithelial tissue & secretes a slippery liquid known as serous fluid. Serosa & serous fluid give sầu the terminal ileum a sliông chồng, slimy surface to lớn protect it from friction between organs & the walls of the abdominopelvic cavity.

Physiology

Chyme is thoroughly processed by the duodenum, jejunum, và ileum before it enters the terminal ileum. It is then stored in the hollow lumen of the terminal ileum as it awaits the opening of the ileocecal sphincter. Small masses of chyme are pushed into the cecum by waves of peristaltic contraction of the walls of the terminal ileum coordinated with the opening of the ileocecal sphincter. While the chyme is stored, Peyer’s patches lining the walls of the terminal ileum examine the contents of the chyme for any potentially dangerous pathogens.

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